Q1. Which of the following stages marks the involvement of children in their peer groups?
(a) Adulthood
(b) Childhood
(c) Adolescence
(d) Early childhood
Answer: (c) Adolescence
Peer groups are both a social group and a primary group of people who have similar interests, ages, backgrounds, or social statuses. In human life, the adolescence stage marks the involvement of children in their peer groups.
Q2. It is said that ‘Development is a never-ending process. Which of the following defines it?
(a) Principle of interaction
(b) Principle of continuity
(c) Principle of interrelation
(d) Principle of integration
Answer: (b) Principle of continuity
John Dewey in his theory of experience proposed the principle of continuity. He opinioned that ‘development is a never-ending process in learning.
Q3. Honey, a young female teacher, believes in personalized learning because she thinks that
(a) learners must learn on their own
(b) students must enjoy their learning
(c) every person must be exposed to learning
(d) every learner is unique and must be given a chance to develop to the best of his ability
Answer: (d) every learner is unique and must be given a chance to develop to the best of his ability
Personalized learning means adjusting the pace, and approach, and connecting to the learner’s interests and experiences. Eduard Pogorskiy opinioned that personalized learning is a powerful tool that allows learners to develop to the best of their ability.
Q4. Which of the following statements about pedagogy is/are correct?
(a) Pedagogy is an art as well as science
(b) Pedagogy is a system that deals with the school management system, system of curriculum development and system of instructional procedure
(c) It explains teaching tasks in terms of presentation and demonstration in a classroom
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
The practice is the act of rehearsing a behaviour or engaging in an activity again and again, for the purpose of improving or mastering it, as in the phrase ‘practice makes perfect.
Q5. Which of the following is one of the three types of analysis of pedagogy in education?
(a) Pedagogical analysis of beliefs
(b) Pedagogical analysis of the subject
(c) Pedagogical analysis of emotions
(d) None of the above
Answer: (a) Pedagogical analysis of beliefs
Illustrated colourful books play an important role in teaching four skills listening, speaking, reading, and writing. A teacher should use relevant and appealing material to learners to promote involvement and readers’ responses in a language class.
Q6. Roli is unable to pronounce the words ‘study’ and ‘society’ clearly. As her teacher what will you do?
(a) Humiliate Roli by isolating her and asking her to repeat the words
(b) Asking the entire class to repeat the words and appreciating Roli when she repeats them correctly
(c) You will just ignore it
(d) You will ask the class to laugh at her
Answer: (b) Asking the entire class to repeat the words and appreciating Roli when she repeats them correctly
Roli is suffering from dyslexia, despite having normal intelligence she has a reading disorder. In the classroom, such students should be appreciated even with little effort so that their confidence level may rise.
Q7. Critical pedagogy firmly believes that
(a) the teacher should always lead the classroom instruction
(b) the learners need no reason to independently
(c) what children learn out of school is irrelevant
(d) the experiences and perceptions of learners are important
Answer: (d) the experiences and perceptions of learners are important
Critical pedagogy is a teaching approach inspired by Marxist critical theory and other radical philosophies. It attempts to help students question and challenge posited ‘domination’ and to undermine the beliefs and practices that are alleged to dominate. In this approach, the experiences and perceptions of learners are important.
Q8. Which of the following is a teacher-related factor affecting learning?
(a) Mastery of the subject matter
(b) Proper seating arrangement
(c) Availability of teaching-learning resources
(d) None of the above
Answer: (a) Mastery of the subject matter
If a teacher does not have good command over the subject matter it may hamper the learning process of learners.
Q9. A teacher makes use of a variety of tasks to cater to the different learning styles of her learners. She is influenced by
(a) Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory
(b) Kohlberg’s Moral Development Theory
(c) Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory
(d) Vygotsky’s Socio-cultural Theory
Answer: (c) Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence Theory
Howard Gardner opposes the idea of labeling learners to a specific intelligence and believes that multiple intelligences should empower learners not to restricted to one modality of learning.
Q10. A teacher can identify a stressed child when the child shows the following behavior.
(a) Aggressive behaviour
(b) Full concentration in studies
(c) Excessive talking
(d) Hyperactivity
Answer: (a) Aggressive behavior
In childhood, stress is a function of the expectations placed on children and their ability to meet those expectations. Generally, when they fail to do so, they show aggressive behavior.
Q11. The major purpose of periodic parent-teacher interactions is to
(a) Share the information about ongoing events in the school
(b) discuss the child’s strengths and weaknesses for reinforcement and improvement
(c) develop a social relationship with each other
(d) highlight each other’s shortcomings
Answer: (b) discuss the child’s strengths and weaknesses for reinforcement and improvement
One of the significant objectives of parent-teacher interaction is that the person, as well as the academic problems of a child, can be discussed jointly and efforts made to solve those problems.
Q12. The term ‘curriculum’ in the field of education refers to
(a) methods of teaching and content to be taught
(b) overall programs of the school which students experience on a day-to-day basis
(c) evaluation process
(d) text material to be used in the class
Answer: (b) overall programs of the school which students experience on a day-to-day basis
‘Curriculum’ refers to the knowledge and skills students are expected to learn, which includes the learning standards and learning objectives on a day-to-day basis.
Q13. ‘Mind Mapping‘ refers to
(a) a technique to enhance comprehension
(b) a plan of action for an adventure
(c) drawing the picture of a mind
(d) researching the function of the mind
Answer: (d) researching the function of the mind
Mind mapping is crucial in the study of child development. It is the research area of the functioning of the mind.
Q14. Which of the following is considered a sign of motivated teaching?
(a) Maximum attendance in the class
(b) Remedial work is given by the teacher
(c) Questioning by students
(d) Pin-drop silence in the class
Answer: (c) Questioning by students
Motivated teaching generates enthusiasm and curiosity among learners and they ask questions.
Q15. The disease ‘Dyslexia‘ is associated with
(a) mathematical disorder
(b) behavioral disorder
(c) mental disorder
(d) reading disorder
Answer: (d) reading disorder
‘Dyslexia’ is known as a reading disorder. It is characterized by trouble with reading despite normal intelligence.
Q16. Pankhuri does not talk much at home but talks a lot at school. It shows that
(a) the school provides opportunities for children to talk a lot
(b) teachers demand that children should talk a lot at school
(c) she does not like her home at all
(d) her thoughts get acknowledged at school
Answer: (d) her thoughts get acknowledged at school
Some children have sensitive behaviour. They give unexpected results if they have acknowledged their surroundings. Pankhuri is an example of such a student.
Q17. Which of the following is not considered a sign of being gifted?
(a) Creative ideas
(b) Novelty in experience
(c) Fighting with others
(d) Curiosity
Answer: (c) Fighting with others
Fighting with others is not a sign of a gifted child.
Q18. Four distinctive stages of children’s cognitive development are identified by
(a) Piaget
(b) Skinner
(c) Erikson
(d) Kohlberg
Answer: (a) Piaget
Jean Piaget identified four stages of children’s cognitive development which are sensory-motor, pre-operational concrete, and formal operational.
Q19. The stage in which a child begins to think logically about objects and events is known as
(a) sensory-motor stage
(b) formal operational stage
(c) pre-operational stage
(d) concrete operational stage
Answer: (d) concrete operational stage
The concrete operational stage is one of the four stages of cognitive development identified by Jean Piaget. In this stage, a child begins to think logically about objects and events.
Q20. A school gives preference to girls while preparing students for state-level solo-song competitions. This reflects
(a) gender bias
(b) pragmatic approach
(c) global trends
(d) progressive thinking
Answer: (a) gender bias
At the school level, if boys and girls are not given equal opportunity in equal circumstances it shows gender biases.
Q21. An error of learners often indicate
(a) socio-economic status of the learners
(b) how they learn
(c) the need for a mechanical drill
(d) absence of learning
Answer: (c) the need for a mechanical drill
Sometimes error of learners indicates the need for the mechanical drill because more often they are unable to recognize symbolic instructions.
Which of the following is the first step in the scientific method of problem-solving?
(a) Formation of hypothesis
(b) Verification of the hypothesis
(c) Problem of Awareness
(d) Collection of relevant information
Answer: (c) Problem of Awareness
Scientific methods are defined as controlled, systematic investigations that are rooted in objective reality and that aim to develop general knowledge about natural phenomena.
Problem is a mental activity that is a subset of the broader problem-solving process, which also includes problem identification and problem structuring. Considered the most difficult of all intellectual processes, problem-solving has been characterized as a higher-order cognitive process requiring the modulation and control of more routine or fundamental talents.
When an organism or an artificial intelligence system has to transition from one state to another, this is called problem-solving.
The first stage in resolving a problem is to comprehend its many facets and nature, i.e. to ascertain which difficulties, impediments, and objectives are involved. The scientific method is comprised of the following steps: formulation of a problem, formulation of a hypothesis, testing of the hypothesis/conducting an experiment, and conclusion drawing based on test findings and reports.
Stating the problem/ problem of Awareness – The first step in the scientific method is to identify and analyze a problem. Data regarding the problem can be collected using a variety of methods.
Forming a hypothesis – A hypothesis is a statement that provides an educated prediction or proposed solution.
Testing the hypothesis/conducting experiment – This is when an activity is created to confirm (or not confirm) the hypothesis.
Verification of Hypothesis – Once the experiment is complete, the results can be analyzed. The results should either confirm the hypothesis as true or false.
Drawing a conclusion based on test results – It is the last step of problem-solving during this stage when relevant information is collected.
Q23. Human personality is the result of which of the following
(a) Only heredity
(b) Upbringing and education
(c) Interaction between heredity and environment
(d) Only the environment
Answer: (c) Interaction between heredity and environment
Hereditary factors and the surrounding environment are crucial in nurturing human personality.
Q24. Which of the following is a domain of learning?
(a) Experiential
(b) Professional
(c) Affective
(d) Spiritual
Answer: (c) Affective
As per Bloom’s taxonomy of learning, there are three domains of learning cognitive, affective, and psychomotor.
Q25. A child starts to cry when his aunt takes him from his mother’s lap. The child cries due to
(a) separation anxiety
(b) emotional anxiety
(c) social anxiety
(d) stranger anxiety
Answer: (b) emotional anxiety
During infancy, there is a strong bond of love and emotion between mother and child. If the child is separated from the mother it cries due to emotional anxiety.
Q26. Human development is divided into which of the following domains?
(a) Physical, spiritual, cognitive, and social
(b) Physical, cognitive, emotional and social
(c) Emotional, cognitive, spiritual and social-psychological
(d) Psychological, cognitive, emotional, and physical
Answer: (d) Psychological, cognitive, emotional, and physical
Human development is comprised of four major domains-psychological development, cognitive development, socio-emotional development, and language or physical development.
Q27. The emphasis from teaching to learning can be shifted by
(a) focusing on examination results
(b) adopting child-centered pedagogy
(c) encouraging rote learning
(d) adopting frontal teaching
Answer: (b) adopting child-centered pedagogy
In a shift from teaching to learning a child-centred pedagogy is emphasized.
Q28. When a child fails, it means
(a) the child is not fit for studies
(b) the child has not memorized the answers properly
(c) the child should have taken private tuition
(d) the system has failed
Answer: (d) the system has failed
In every aspect of life and learning a child is guided by elders and society. If it is failure marks the failure of the system.
Q29. In the context of education, socialization means
(a) always following social norms
(b) creating one’s social norms
(c) respecting elders in society
(d) adapting and adjusting to the social environment
Answer: (d) adapting and adjusting to the social environment
Socialization refers to the lifelong process of inheriting and disseminating norms, customs, and values providing an individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating within their society.
Q30. When a child with a disability first comes to school, the teacher should
(a) conduct an admission test
(b) refer the child to a special school according to disability
(c) secludes him from other students
(d) discuss with the child’s parents to evolve collaborative plans
Answer: (d) discuss with the child’s parents to evolve collaborative plans
A learning disability is a neurological disorder that impairs one’s capacity to receive and process information. Today, more than ever, the requirement for instructors who are both knowledgeable and capable of teaching kids with disabilities is crucial
