Biology MCQ Question with Answer

Explanation:  Xylem tissue is the specialized conducting system of plants. It is the main conducting system for water and some mineral nutrients from roots to the shoot.

Explanation: Urination can be induced within some minutes after a person consumes alcohol because when the kidney filters the waste, the capillaries constrict and affects the filtering ability of the kidney. When the body needs to conserve water, the pituitary gland excretes a hormone called vasopressin, which causes the nephron filters to become permeable retaining more water in the bloodstream and allowing less water to be excreted in the urine.

Explanation: Equus caballus is the scientific name of a Horse. Family – Equidae, Order – Squamata

Explanation:  Mitochondria contain DNA other than the nucleus. Mitochondria are thought to be the parasites in the eukaryotic cells that got inside the latter as a result of the endo-symbiotic event that took place earlier in the evolution. The centriole is a small set of microtubules, Golgi apparatus is a complex of vesicles and folded membranes within the cytoplasm of most eukaryotic cells, involved in secretion and intracellular transport. A lysosome is an organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.

Explanation: AIDS is a viral disease. In this disease, the immune system weakens and the body becomes prone to a different types of infection by pathogens. Sweating at night, swollen lymph nodes, loss of memory and loss of weight are also symptoms of AIDS.

Explanation: Protoplasm is a colourless material including the cytoplasm, nucleus and cell organelles. Protoplasm is protected by plasma membrane is considered as the physical basis of life.

Explanation:  When multiple traits are controlled by one particular gene, that gene is known as the pleiotropic gene and its effect is known as a pleiotropic effect. Polyteny is a special nuclear differentiation reported in larval and adult Diptera, Collembola, Protista and angiosperm ovular nuclei. Apomixis is asexual reproduction in plants, in particular agamospermy. Polyploid cells and organisms are those that contain more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes.

Explanation: Bacterial cells are prokaryotic cells, don’t have membrane-bound organelles but mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles. So prokaryotic cells do not have any mitochondria.

Explanation:  Virus is not a cell; it remains just in the form of genetic material or encapsulated on the outside with a protein capsid. It generally injects its genetic material into the host cells wherein the viral proteins get synthesised.

Explanation: Asiatic wild ass – Equushemionus

Barasingha – Cervusduvauceli

Chinkara – Gazellagazella

Nilgai – Boselaphustragocamelus

Explanation:  Ferns, a group under pteridophytes have large number of chromosomes e.g., Ophioglossum reticulatum has 2n=1260, highest known in all life forms.

Explanation: Nitrogen fixation is a process in which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into Ammonia (NH3). This process is completed by nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Azobacter, Rhizobium etc.

Explanation: Photosynthetic pigments are helpful in photosynthesis and make food as carbohydrate in presence of light, photosynthetic pigment as Chlorophylls (green pigment Carotenoids (red, orange, yellow pigments) and phycobilins. But anthocyanin is blue and purple colour pigment they don’t take part in photosynthesis.

Explanation:  The ribosomes are the protein-synthesizing factories. DNA, RNA and chromosomes are all genetic materials made of nucleotides, which are the sites of genetic mutations e.g., transversion and transition, point mutations, etc. ​​DNA, RNA is the genetic material that helps in the replication of genetic material, while chromosomes are the part of DNA

Explanation: Planktonic are freely floating aquatic organisms. The excessive growth of these planktonic algae is the result of nutrients in the water. The excessive amount of these nutrients results in the eutrophication of water bodies.

Explanation: Bougainvillea, cocoa and grapes plants are propagated by the stem cutting process.

Explanation:  The Golgi complex and rough ER work closely. When a protein is made in the ER, then transition vesicles are synthesized. These vesicles float through the cytoplasm to the Golgi apparatus and are absorbed. After the Golgi does its work on the molecules inside the sac or the vesicle a secretory vesicle is created and released into the cytoplasm. So the main function of the Golgi bodies is secretion. ​​Respiration occurs in both plants and animals, cell division occurs during the phase of cytokineses i.e. mitosis and meiosis, and gastric juices are those which help indigestion.

Explanation: Pulmonary Artery carry the deoxygenated blood from the heart and supply it to lungs for oxygenation. The pulmonary vein carries the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart which is further supply to the body from the heart through Aorta.

Explanation: Malaria parasite is a protozoan. Tuberculosis is a bacteria. Ringworm is a fungus and Poliomyelitis is a virus.

Explanation: Glucose is the simplest sugar, made up of 6- carbon (C₆H₁₂O₆) is readily converted into ATP or energy by the process of glycolysis in cells. All the fruits and vegetable content is converted to glucose.

Explanation:  A person containing the O⁺ blood group does not possess any antigen to elicit any antibody reaction in the acceptor. Thus, a person with O⁺ is the universal donor. AB⁺ on the other hand is a universal acceptor.

Explanation: Hemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disorder. Clotting of blood is abnormally delayed that even a simple or small cut will result non stop bleeding in the affected individual.

Explanation: ‘Survival of the fittest’ concept was first advocated by a British philosopher Herbert Spencer in his book ‘Principle of Biology’ (1864).

Explanation:  Sclerenchyma tissues are found in hard parts of the plant body, in the cortex, pith, hypodermis, in the pulp of fruits. Young cells are living and they have protoplasm. But matured cells become dead due to the deposition of secondary walls. They give mechanical support, strength and rigidity to the plant body.

Explanation: Except 3rd, all the statements are correct.