Directions: Answer the following questions by selecting the most appropriate option.
Q1. Who advocated child-centered education?
(a) B.F. Skinner
(b) John Dewey
(c) Eric Erickson
(d) Charles Darwin
Answer: (b) John Dewey
Explain: The child-centered approach stresses the needs and interests of the child. The famous American philosopher, John Dewey, advocated the child-centered education system. He believed that a child’s mind is not a blank slate when he or she enters the classroom.
Q2. While teaching a single-parent child, a teacher should
(a) treat such a child differently
(b) assign lesser home assignments to such a child
(c) provide stable and consistent environment
(d) overlook this fact and treat such a child at par with other children
Answer: (d) overlook this fact and treat such a child at par with other children
Explain: Discrimination in assigning work or tasks to a single-parent child may develop the feeling of inferiority in the learner. So, a teacher should overlook the fact of his/her being a single parent-child and treat such a child on a par with other children.
Q3. Acceleration with reference to gifted children means
(a) accelerating the transaction of scholastic activities
(b) speeding up the transaction of co-scholastic activities
(c) promoting such students to the next higher grade by skipping the present grade
(d) accelerating the process of assessment
Answer: (c) promoting such students to the next higher grade by skipping the present grade
Explain: Acceleration involves assigning a sixth-grade student the curriculum that is covered in the seventh standard. Grade skipping is also called double promotion.
Q4. Which of the following is the appropriate activity for gifted students?
(a) Solve exercises given at the end of five chapters at one go.
(b) Teach their class on Teachers’ Day.
(c) Write a report on a recently held school match.
(d) Write an original play on given concepts.
Answer: (d) Write an original play on given concepts.
Explain: A teacher should provide maximum opportunities to gifted children to express their thoughts in their own words. This is because gifted learners enjoy self-directed learning.
Q5. Which one of the following could be an end-stage of a child possessing bodily-kinesthetic intelligence?
(a) Orator
(b) Political leader
(c) Surgeon
(d) Poet
Answer: (c) Surgeon
Explain: Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is the ability to manipulate objects and use physical skills. Surgeons, dancers, and athletes have well- developed bodily-kinesthetic intelligence.
(a) are generally physically weak and not good at social interaction
(b) generally do not like their teachers
(c) realize their full potential without any help
(d) perform exceptionally well in any field important to human beings
Answer: (d) perform exceptionally well in any field important to human beings
Explain: According to Torrance, the child who is gifted and talented is one who shows excellent performance in any field that is important to society.
Q7. The knowledge of …………….. will be most significant for a teacher dealing with a class comprising students of mixed age groups.
(a) cultural background
(b) developmental stages
(c) occupation of their parents
(d) socio-economic background
Answer: (b) developmental stages
Explain: The knowledge of developmental stages helps a teacher identify the level of understanding and difficulty of learning of his/her pupils. Many psychologists have provided child development theories; for example, Piaget’s four-stage cognitive development theory is helpful in understanding the developmental stages of children.
Q8. Classrooms after the implementation of the RTE Act 2009 are
(a) age-wise more homogeneous
(b) age-wise more heterogeneous
(c) unaffected, as RTE does not affect the average age of a class in a school
(d) gender-wise more homogeneous
Answer: (a) age-wise more homogeneous
Explain: The Right to Education Act (RTE) was enacted by the Parliament of India on 4 August 2009. Classrooms after the implementation of this Act are now age-wise more homogeneous because of free and compulsory education for the 614 age group children.
Q9. Systematic presentation of concepts may be related to which of the following principles of development?
(a) Students develop at different rates.
(b) Development is relatively orderly.
(c) Development leads to growth.
(d) Development proceeds from heteronomy to autonomy.
Answer: (d) Development proceeds from heteronomy to autonomy.
Explain: Heteronomy refers to the dependence on others, while autonomy refers to self-reliance. A child is dependent on his/her elders for care and welfare. But when he/she becomes an adolescent, he/she becomes capable of taking care of himself/herself. This reflects the movement from heteronomy to autonomy.
Q10. Scaffolding in the context of learning theories refers to
(a) simulation teaching
(b) recapitulation of previous learning
(c) temporary support in learning by adults
(d) ascertaining the causes of mistakes done by students
Answer: (c) temporary support in learning by adults
Explain: In the scaffolding process, students are given the needed support while learning something new. Scaffolding is widely considered an important element in effective teaching.
Q11. The sentence Madam drives a bicycle’ is
(a) correct syntactically but semantically incorrect
(b) correct semantically but syntactically incorrect
(c) semantically as well as syntactically correct
(d) semantically as well as syntactically incorrect
Answer: (b) correct semantically but syntactically incorrect
Explain: The correct sentence will be “Madam rides a bicycle”. Syntax is related to the grammar of sentence, whereas semantics related to the meaning of sentence.
Q12. The classification of students in different groups on the basis of their IQ tends to ………. their self-esteem and ………. their academic performance.
(a) increase; decrease
(b) increase; increase
(c) decrease; decrease
(d) decrease; has no effect on
Answer: (c) decrease; decrease
Explain: The classification of students on the basis of their IQ may create a feeling of inferiority in the students having low or average IQ, thus leading to a low self-esteem in them.
Q13. Raven’s progressive matrices test is an example of test.
(a) verbal IQ
(b) culture-free IQ
(d) personality
(c) non-group IQ
Answer: (b) culture-free IQ
Explain: Raven’s progressive matrices test is an example of culture-free IQ test. This test contains non-verbal multiple choice measures of common intelligence.
Q14. The news of ‘a woman selling her child to obtain food may be understood best on the basis of
(a) psychoanalytical theory
(b) theory of hierarchical needs
(c) psychosocial theory
(d) theory of reinforced contingencies
Answer: (b) theory of hierarchical needs
Explain: This news may be understood best on the basis of physiological needs. In 1943, the theory of hierarchical needs was proposed by Maslow. The need of food comes under physiological needs.
Q15. The word ‘comprehensive in the scheme of Continuous and Comprehensive is supported by the following except
(a) theory of multiple intelligence
(b) theory of information processing Evaluation
(c) J.P. Guilford’s theory of structure of intellect
(d) L.L. Thurston’s theory of primary mental abilities
Answer: (b) theory of information processing Evaluation
Explain: The word ‘comprehensive” in the scheme of Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) is not supported by the theory of information processing. This theory is based on computer analogy.
Q16. Assessment ………… learning influences learning by reinforcing the ………….. between assessment and instruction.
(a) for, connection
(b) for; difference
(c) of; difference
(d) of; variance
Answer: (a) for, connection
Explain: Assessment for learning is related to the formative method of evaluation. One of the major characteristics of assessment for learning Is mat he assessment takes place during the teaching-learning process, which influences learning by reinforcing the connection between assessment and instruction.
Q17. In science practicals, boys generally take control of the apparatus and ask girls to record data or wash utensils. This tendency reflects that
(a) girls being delicate prefer such less energy-consuming tasks
(b) girls are excellent observers and record data flawlessly
(c) stereotyping of masculine and feminine roles takes place in schools too
(d) boys can handle the equipment more efficiently as they are naturally endowed for doing such things
Answer: (c) stereotyping of masculine and feminine roles takes place in schools too
Explain: The given fact shows the tendency of stereotyping masculine and feminine roles, which sadly exists in schools. Girls are generally given home-based tasks like washing clothes and utensils, cleaning and cooking due to the stereotyped thinking of the Indian society.
Q18. How teachers and students ……….. gender in the classroom, it ………… the learning environment.
(a) interpret; does not affect
(b) construct: impacts
(c) adapt: perturbs
(d) define; vitiates
Answer: (d) define; vitiates
Explain: The purpose of providing leaning for all cannot be met without eliminating gender-biased thoughts in the classroom.
Q19. The word compulsory in the ‘Right to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009’ means
(a) parents are compulsorily forced to send their children to school to avoid punitive action
(b) compulsory education will be imparted through continuous testing
(c) the central government will ensure admission, attendance, and completion of elementary education
(d) appropriate governments will ensure admission, attendance, and completion of elementary education
Answer: (d) appropriate governments will ensure admission, attendance, and completion of elementary education
Explain: According to this Act, every child aged between 6 and 14 years will be provided 8 years of elementary education in a neighborhood school.
Q20. Which of the following principles is not involved in lesson planning?
(a) Clarity of objectives
(b) Knowledge of teaching
(c) Rigidity of planning
(d) Knowledge of pupils
Answer: (c) Rigidity of planning
Explain: A teacher should take into consideration the flexibility aspect while planning lessons so that any changes can be incorporated in the lessons easily as per the needs of learners.
Q21. What does the ‘self-regulation’ of learners mean?
(a) Self-discipline and control
(b) Ability to monitor their own learning
(c) Rules and regulations made by the student body
(d) Creating regulations for student behavior
Answer: (a) Self-discipline and control
Explain: According to Bandura, self-regulation is setting a learning goal and mobilizing the effort and resources needed to reach that goal. A self-regulated learner is self-disciplined and has control over his/her task.
Q22. The lab schools advocated by John Dewey were examples of
(a) factory schools
(b) progressive schools
(c) public schools
(d) common schools
Answer: (b) progressive schools
Explain: John Dewey was an American philosopher. He believed that the main aim of education is to develop the inherent capabilities of a child. The lab schools advocated by him were examples of progressive Schools.
Q23. Group project activity as prescribed by CBSE is a powerful means
(a) of facilitating social participation
(b) of alleviating the burden of teachers
(c) of relieving the stress caused due to routine teaching
(d) to promote the concept of unity in diversity
Answer: (a) of facilitating social participation
Explain: Group project activities give students a chance to interact with each other during the teaching learning process, which enhances the sense of cooperation among them. Dewey believed that the school is a mini institution of ne society. Thus, schools should strive to create such an environment that promotes social learning.
Q24. For an intrinsically motivated student
(a) rewards are not required
(b) external rewards are not enough to keep him/her motivated
(c) the level of motivation is lower than an extrinsically motivated student
(d) there is no need for formal education
Answer: (a) rewards are not required
Explain: Activities that have internal rewards are a cause of intrinsic motivation, such as gratification obtained by engaging in personal hobbies. For an intrinsically motivated student, there is no need for external awards.
Q25. Achievement motivation is
(a) the tendency to persist at challenging tasks
(b) the tendency to avoid failure
(c) willingness to accept success and failure equally
(d) a tendency to act impulsively
Answer: (a) the tendency to persist at challenging tasks
Explain: When achievement gained by someone Works as a motivational factor, that motivation is known as achievement motivation. A person motivated with achievements will generally have a tendency to persist at challenging tasks.
Q26. Ideal ‘waiting time’ for getting the response from students should be proportional to
(a) time allotted to a specific topic in the curriculum
(b) the difficulty level of the question
(c) time is taken by students for answering questions from previous lessons
(d) the relevance of the question in real life
Answer: (b) difficulty level of the question
Explain: The time taken by a student to respond to a question varies according to the difficulty level of the question and the IQ of the student. A child with an average IQ will take less time in solving an easy question as compared to a difficult one.
Q27. Suppose you are the chairperson of a board of school education, how would you plan to improve the overall quality of education in the school is under your jurisdiction? This type of question is an example of thinking.
(a) higher order convergent
(b) higher order divergent
(c) lower order convergent
(d) lower order divergent
Answer: (b) higher order divergent
Explain: This type of question is an example of higher order divergent thinking. Divergent thinking is used to generate ideas by exploring various possible solutions.
Q28. A student says, “My mother ringed principal ma’am last night” What should be your responsibility as a teacher??
(a) Oh really, your mother rang up principal ma’am last night. Did she seek an appointment with her?
(b) Dear child, you are not using the correct form of the verb.
(c) It should not be ringed, it should rather be rang.
(d) Why don’t you listen carefully? As I told you earlier, it should be rung, not ringed
Answer: (b) Dear child, you are not using the correct form of verb.
Explain: As a teacher, you should provide your students with the opportunity to correct their mistakes so that they do not repeat them. By doing So, you help in making the teaching learning process effective.
Q29. Children in primary schools follow which of the following stages as proposed by Lawrence Kohlberg?
(a) Obedience and punishment orientation
(b) Individualism and exchange
(c) Good interpersonal relationships
(d) Social contract and individual rights
(a) a and d
(b) a and c
(c) b and a
(d) b and d
Answer: (b) a and c
Explain: The first level of moral thinking develops among children at the elementary school level. At the first stage of this level, children behave according to socially acceptable norms. This obedience is stimulated by the threat or application of punishment. The second stage of this level is characterized by a view that right behavior means acting in one’s own best interests. Stage five of the third level of moral thinking is an understanding of social mutuality and welfare of others.
Q30. The following are features of anecdotal record except
(a) it is an accurate description of events
(b) it describes personal development or social interactions of a child
(c) it is a factual report with enough details
(d) it is subjective evidence of behavior and therefore does not provide feedback for scholastic area
Answer: (d) it is subjective evidence of behavior and therefore does not provide feedback for scholastic area
Explain: An anecdotal record is not a subjective evidence of behavior. Rather it is an account of an event in a child’s day.
