Q31. Which minerals are responsible to make bones and teeth strong?
(a) Iodine and iron
(b) Sodium and potassium
(c) Calcium and phosphorus
(d) Sodium and iron
Answer: (c)Calcium and phosphorus
Explanation: Calcium and phosphorus both help make bones and teeth strong. Iodine (in thyroxin) affects body metabolism, iron (in haemoglobin) helps in a better supply of oxygen to the body, and sodium and potassium maintain the electrolyte balance.
Q32. In which part of the female reproductive system does the fertilisation take place?
(a) Ovary
(b) Uterus
(c) Oviduct
(d) Vagina
Answer: (c)Oviduct
Explanation: The mature ovum is released from the ovary and starts travelling in the oviduct towards the uterus. If there are sperms present in the oviduct, fertilisation takes place in the oviduct. The uterus receives the embryo for implantation as the zygote starts dividing in the oviduct. Vagina receives the sperms and from there they start moving towards Oviduets are also known as Fallopian Tubes.
Q33. Poets have written poems on the beauty of mustard flowers but nobody seems to have noticed the flowers of wheat plants growing nearby. Why?
(a) Wheat plants don’t bear flowers.
(b) Their flowers are not beautiful and not clearly visible from a distance.
(c) Their flowers are hidden.
(d) The flowers are beautiful but poets are more interested in the grains of wheat
Answer: (b)Their flowers are not beautiful and not clearly visible from a distance
Explanation: Flowers of wheat are small, yellowish-green and not clearly visible from a distance. They are pollinated by wind and are not attractive unlike the flowers pollinated by insects.
Q34. Chlorophyll has the ability to convert solar energy into
(a) Heat energy
(b) Mechanical energy
(c) Chemical energy
(d) Light energy
Answer: (c)Chemical energy
Explanation: Chlorophyll converts light energy into chemical energy which in turn is used to break the water molecule into hydrogen and oxygen. This reaction is called ‘photolysis (photo- light, lysis – breaking) of water’, i.e. breaking the water molecule in the presence of light.
Q35. Life on earth is directly or indirectly dependent on
(a) Carnivores
(b) Herbivores
(c) Seafood
(d) Autotrophs
Answer: (d)Autotrophs
Explanation: Only autotrophs can prepare organic food from inorganic compounds (water and carbon dioxide) in the presence of sunlight (photosynthesis). Carnivores eat other animals that in turn are dependent on autotrophs for their food. Seafood may or may not be autotrophic (only green plants are autotrophic).
Q36. The movement of food in our alimentary canal with the help of contraction and expansion of muscles is called
(a) Somersaulting
(b) Gliding
(c) Peristalsis
(d) Slithering
Answer: (c)Peristalsis
Explanation: Muscular contraction and expansion of the alimentary canal, which pushes the food forward, is called peristalsis. Hydra moves forward by somersaulting, snails glide and snakes slither.
Q37. The reason that many people build the outer walls of their house with hollow bricks is that
(a) It helps in keeping the house warm in winters and cold in summers
(b) It is in accordance with the Vastu principles
(c) The house becomes light in weight and remains safe during earthquakes
(d) The building cost of the house is reduced
Answer: (a)It helps in keeping the house warm in winters and cold in summers
Explanation: The air inside the hollow bricks acts like an insulator and doesn’t allow heat to come in during summers and go out during winters. So, the house is warm in winters and cool in summers.
Q38. Which of the following plants is used as a source of oil and its leaves are used to make roofs?
(a) Mustard
(b) Coconut
(c) Sunflower
(d) Groundnut
Answer: (b)Coconut
Explanation: The coconut plant is a source of coconut oil and its leaves are used to make thatched roofs of houses.
Q39. Which of the following is a healthy cooking practice?
(a) Adding more spices in the food to get good taste and aroma
(b) Throwing away excess water in which rice or cereals are cooked
(c) Washing vegetables before cooking them
(d) Overcooking the food
Answer: (c) Washing vegetables before cooking them
Explanation: Washing vegetables before cooking them is a good practice to remove dirt and pesticides. We should not throw away the excess water in which rice or cereals are cooked as it contains nutrients. We should not overcook the food as it will destroy the nutrients in it.
Q40. When do magnets lose their magnetism?
(a) On heating
(b) Keeping in a box
(c) On hammering
(d) Both (a) and (c)
Answer: (d)Both (a) and (c)
Explanation: Magnets lose their magnetism when they are heated or hammered.
Q41. What is the angle between the incident and reflected rays when a ray of light is incident normally on a plane mirror?
(a) 90°
(b) 45°
(c) 0°
(d) 180°
Answer: (c)0°
Explanation: 0° When a ray of light is reflected at a polished surface, the angle of reflection between the ray and normal (the line at the right angle to the surface) is exactly equal to the angle of incidence.
Q42. Beena swims in a 120 m long pool. She covers 240 m in one minute by swimming from one end to the other and back along the same straight path. What are the average speed and average velocity of Beena?
(a) Average speed = 2 m/s, average velocity = 0 m/s
(b) Average speed = 4 m/s, average velocity = 4 m/s
(c) Average speed = 4 m/s, average velocity = 0 m/s
(d) Average speed = 3 m/s, average velocity = 3 m/s
Answer: (c)Average speed = 4 m/s, average velocity = 0 m/s
Explanation: Total distance covered by Beena in 1 min = 240 m
Displacement of Beena in 1 min = 0 m
Average speed = Total distance covered/Total time taken
= 240 m/60 s (1 m = 60 s)
= 4 m/s
Average velocity = Displacement/Total time taken
= 0 m/60 s = 0 m/s
So the average speed of Beena is 4 m/s and her average velocity is o m/s
Q43. How does milk of magnesia provide relief to a person suffering from indigestion?
(a) It helps in digesting fats
(b) It neutralizes the alkaline effect of the bile juice
(c) It kills bacteria present in our alimentary canal
(d) It neutralises the excess acid produced in our stomach
Answer: (d)It neutralises the excess acid produced in our stomach
Explanation: Indigestion is caused by the excess hydrochloric acid produced in our stomach when we eat spicy food or too much food. Milk of magnesia (magnesium hydroxide) is a base that neutralises the acid in the body and gives us relief.
Q44. A car moves on a highway with a speed of 60 km/h for 20 minutes and then with a speed of 80 km/h for the next 30 minutes. The total distance covered by the car is
(a) 100 km
(b) 60 km
(c) 45 km
(d) 50 km
Answer: (b)60 km
Explanation: Distance = Speed < Time
For 60 km/h for 20 min, Distance covered = 60 × 20/60 = 20 km
For 80 km for 30 min, Distance covered = 80 x 30/60 = 40 km
Total distance covered = 20 + 40 = 60 km
Q45. A farmer is growing paddy crops over and over again using excess fertilisers and pesticides in his fields.
This practice will make the soil of his fields
(a) Useful for the paddy crops only
(b) Fit for ploughing
(c) Barren
(d) Fertile for other crops also
Answer: (c) Barren
Explanation: Excess use of fertilisers adversely affects the chemical composition of the soil, making it barren.
Q46. Which chemical do goldsmiths use to dissolve gold?
(a) Aqua regia
(b) Aqua blue
(c) Aqua pure
(d) Aqua magic
Answer: (a)Aqua regia
Explanation: Aqua regia is a mixture of 1 part concentrated nitric acid and 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid. Gold dissolves in this mixture. Goldsmiths use it to get pure gold extracted. They also use it for polishing gold ornaments. But in the process, some amount of gold is lost. Other options refer to the brands of water as ‘aqua’ means water and Japanese.
Q47. A poster depicts the following precautions related to the prevention of the spread of disease.
Do not let water get collected around you.
Keep water pots, coolers and tanks clean.
Spray oil if water gets collected at someplace.
Use nets to protect yourself.
The poster is aimed at creating awareness about the spread of
(a) Typhoid and cholera
(b) Dengue and encephalitis
(c) Smallpox and malaria
(d) Dengue and eye flu
Answer: (b)Dengue and encephalitis
Explanation: Dengue and encephalitis are caused by the blood-sucking mosquitoes that breed in standing and stagnant water.
Q48. Which of the following statements about roughage is incorrect regarding humans?
(a) It is an indigestible fibrous material
(b) It helps prevent constipation.
(c) It gets easily absorbed by the intestines
(d) It is also known as dietary fibre.
Answer: (c)It gets easily absorbed by the intestines
Explanation: Roughage is neither digested nor absorbed during the entire digestion process in the human body.
Q49. NCERT Science textbooks for upper primary classes include a large number of daily life-related questions which are left unanswered. This has been done so that
(a) Teachers have a good pool of questions for assessment purpose
(b) Students can send these questions to scientists to get answers
(c) Teachers can use these questions for home assignment
(d) Students can seek answers to these questions by exploring different resources
Answer: (d)Students can seek answers to these questions by exploring different resources
Explanation: Daily life-related questions have been left unanswered so that students can seek answers to these questions by exploring different resources. This is a sort of extended learning for which the students will make their own efforts and seek answers to things happening around them. Students will construct their own knowledge and they will also learn how to learn’. Applying classroom learning to new situations at home will enhance their understanding of the world around them.
Q50. “Cognitive validity of the science curriculum at the upper primary stage implies that it should
(a) Convey significant and scientifically correct facts
(b) Be age-appropriate
(c) Use appropriate pedagogical processes in teaching
(d) Enable the child to view science as a social enterprise
Answer: (b)Be age-appropriate
Explanation: Cognitive validity implies that the content should be age-appropriate so that children can understand it. The way of transaction of the content should be according to the level of the child.
Q51. NCF 2005 recommends that science education at the upper primary stage should focus on
(a) Helping students connect the classroom learning to life outside the school
(b) Helping students acquire international standards in the learning science
(c) Minimising social disparities in students
(d) Promoting human values and knowledge base for building a peaceful society
Answer: (a)Helping students connect the classroom learning to life outside the school
Explanation: Once the students are able to connect the classroom learning to life outside school, they will automatically get concerned about several issues that need to be addressed at the community level, society level, national level and international level. This will not only teach them values and bring about social equality but will also make them acquire international standards in learning science.
Q52. Which of the following things should be focused on by a science teacher?
(a) Exclusively developing practical skills
(b) Internalising values for the concern of earning a livelihood
(c) Respecting views of parents about increasing their children’s performance in tests
(d) Listening to the experience of students and relating it to the natural and socio-cultural environment
Answer: (d)Listening to the experience of students and relating it to the natural and socio-cultural environment
Explanation: A science teacher should create a teaching-learning environment that allows sharing of experiences of students which can be related to the natural and social environments. This helps in making the teaching-learning process more effective for students.
Q53. What is the need for a school for children?
(a) Platform for sharing of the diversity of thoughts and knowledge
(b) Learning in a disciplined way away from disturbances
(c) A place for learning along with testing
(d) For the teacher-student interaction
Answer: (a)Platform for sharing of the diversity of thoughts and knowledge
Explanation: A school is a platform for students where they come to gain new knowledge after sharing diverse thoughts and forms of knowledge and bringing hands-on activities. It also provides them with opportunities to improve their skills.
Q54. The anecdotal record represents
(a) A report to be shown to the school authorities on a child’s progress
(b) An informal report to be shown to parents
(c) A short story of an observed incident
(d) A collection of a child’s worksheets
Answer: (c)A short story of an observed incident
Explanation: The anecdotal record represents a short story (a report) of an observed incident of a child’s work by an educator.
Q55. A teacher in a class asked the students to make groups of 5 students each and asked each group to bring the following things:
Lemon, steel plate, plastic cap of a bottle and a bottle, aluminium foil (in three shapes open and spread out, pressed tightly into a ball, and cup-like shape), a piece of ice, iron nails and a medium-sized container full of water.
The next day, she instructed each group to put things one by one into a container full of water and observe the results.
What should be the primary motive of the teacher behind this activity?
(a) Enable students to memorise a lot of materials quickly
(b) Increasing the categorisation power of students
(c) Bringing fun in monotonous routine periods
(d) Bringing hands-on experience
Answer: (d)Bringing hands-on experience
Explanation: Hands-on experience is one of the objectives of teaching science. It aids the process of scientific thinking in students. It involves prior imagination followed by experimentation and logical deduction.
Q56. According to the inclusive education system, education of
(a) Children with special needs should be provided by special teachers in special schools
(b) All students studying in a similar class in different schools should be the same
(c) All students under different boards should be done with the same curriculum
(d) Children with special needs should be provided with normal children
Answer: (d)Children with special needs should be provided with normal children
Explanation: The inclusive education system aims to meet the special educational needs of disabled students by allowing them to learn in the company of non-disabled students.
Q57. Which of the following types of questions/activities should be avoided or less used to serve the purpose of summative assessment?
(a) Information-based
(b) Understanding-based
(c) Application-based
(d) Analytical
Answer: (a)Information-based
Explanation: Knowledge/information-based questions/activities should be avoided or less used to serve the purpose of summative assessment, otherwise children would focus only on memorising the information which they would forget later. Summative assessment must involve more understanding, application and analysis-based questions/activities.
Q58. Which students do act as a learning resource for teachers?
(a) Students who find difficulty in learning concepts
(b) Students who can learn concepts but cannot assess the work of their peers
(c) Students who can learn concepts but cannot assess their own work
(d) Students who can learn concepts and assess their own work as well as the work of their peers
Answer: (d)Students who can learn concepts and assess their own work as well as the work of their peers
Explanation: Students who can learn concepts and assess their own work and also that of their peers can act as a learning resource for their teachers. It means these students can help fellow students with learning when the teacher is engaged with some other students in the class.
Q59. As a science teacher, you plan to take the students to the zoo. Which of the following activities would you not allow the students to undertake?
(a) Collect photographs of the animals they expect to see at the zoo
(b) Take their drawing books along with them to draw what they see at the zoo
(c) Take along lots of eatables for the animals at the Zoo
(d) Try to find out the food taken up by different animals at the zoo
Answer: (c) Take along lots of eatables for the animals at the Zoo
Explanation: Zoo trips are planned for students to enhance their knowledge about different types of animals and to observe their behaviour and various characteristics. Taking eatables for animals at the zoo is strictly prohibited and the teacher should convey this to the students at the time of planning the trip. This is for their own safety and keeping the zoo environment neat and clean.
Q60. The anecdotal records are not meant for keeping records of
(a) Significant incidents in the school time that are helpful in understanding students and their learning needs.
(b) Best assignments of students over the years
(c) The outstanding achievements of students
(d) Misbehaviour of students over the years
Answer: (d)Misbehaviour of students over the years
Explanation: Anecdotes focus on very simple, everyday interactions among children, children and adults as well as children and materials in the environment.
